US and Ukraine near an economic deal with mineral rights but no security promise

US and Ukraine near an economic deal with mineral rights but no security promise
(COMBO) This combination of pictures created on February 25, 2025 shows US President Donald Trump (L) on February 22, 2025, and Ukraine’s President Volodymyr Zelensky on February 12, 2025.(AFP)
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Updated 26 February 2025
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US and Ukraine near an economic deal with mineral rights but no security promise

US and Ukraine near an economic deal with mineral rights but no security promise
  • Trump called it a big deal that could be worth a trillion dollars
  • Kyiv hopes that signing the agreement will ensure the continued flow of US military support that Ukraine urgently needs

KYIV: Ukraine and the US have reached an agreement on a framework for a broad economic deal that would include access to Ukraine’s rare earth minerals, three senior Ukrainian officials said Tuesday.
The officials, who were familiar with the matter, spoke on condition of anonymity because they were not authorized to speak publicly. One of them said that Kyiv hopes that signing the agreement will ensure the continued flow of US military support that Ukraine urgently needs.
The agreement could be signed as early as Friday and plans are being drawn up for Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky to travel to Washington to meet President Donald Trump, according to one of the Ukrainian officials.
Another official said the agreement would provide an opportunity for Zelensky and Trump to discuss continued military aid to Ukraine, which is why Kyiv is eager to finalize the deal.
Trump, speaking to reporters in the Oval Office, said he’d heard that Zelensky was coming and added that “it’s okay with me, if he’d like to, and he would like to sign it together with me.”
Trump called it a big deal that could be worth a trillion dollars. “It could be whatever, but it’s rare earths and other things.”
According to one Ukrainian official, some technical details are still to be determined. However, the draft does not include a contentious Trump administration proposal to give the US $500 billion worth of profits from Ukraine’s rare earth minerals as compensation for its wartime assistance to Kyiv.
Instead, the US and Ukraine would have joint ownership of a fund, and Ukraine would in the future contribute 50 percent of future proceeds from state-owned resources, including minerals, oil, and gas. One official said the deal had better terms of investments and another one said that Kyiv secured favorable amendments and viewed the outcome as “positive.”
The deal does not, however, include security guarantees. One official said that this would be something the two presidents would discuss when they meet.
The progress in negotiating the deal comes after Trump and Zelensky traded sharp rhetoric last week about their differences over the matter.
Zelensky said he balked at signing off on a deal that US Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent pushed during a visit to Kyiv earlier this month, and the Ukrainian leader objected again days later during a meeting in Munich with Vice President JD Vance because the American proposal did not include security guarantees.
Trump then called Volodymyr Zelensky “a dictator without elections” and claimed his support among voters was near rock-bottom.
But the two sides made significant progress during a three-day visit to Ukraine last week by retired Lt. Gen. Keith Kellogg, Trump’s special envoy to Ukraine and Russia.
The idea was initially proposed last fall by Zelensky as part of his plan to strengthen Kyiv’s hand in future negotiations with Moscow.


Who are the militants using the Sahel as a hunting ground?

Who are the militants using the Sahel as a hunting ground?
Updated 26 February 2025
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Who are the militants using the Sahel as a hunting ground?

Who are the militants using the Sahel as a hunting ground?
  • Tens of thousands killed in violence that began in Mali in 2012, spread to Burkina Faso and Niger

ABIDJAN: For well over a decade, terrorist violence has plagued the Sahel, a semi-arid belt stretching along the Sahara desert’s southern rim from the Atlantic to the Red Sea.

Tens of thousands of people have been killed in violence that began in Mali in 2012, spread to Burkina Faso and Niger, and now threatens coastal west African states.

Two militant organizations dominate the central Sahelian region that includes Mali, Niger and Burkina: the Group for the Support of Islam and Muslims and the Islamic State — Sahel Province or ISSP.

Affiliated to Al-Qaeda, the JNIM was founded in 2017 after militant groups merged under the leadership of Iyad Ag Ghali, a Tuareg chief from the northern Malian town of Kidal.

The rival ISSP is linked to the Daesh group and was created two years earlier by Moroccan terrorist Adnan Abou Walid Al-Sahraoui, who was killed in Mali in 2021 by a French military force.

Nigeria, Niger, Cameroon and Chad — in the Lake Chad Basin — are battling two other jihadist groups: Boko Haram and its offshoot, the Islamic State in West Africa or ISWAP.

The groups mainly roam rural areas. “Controlling the towns is very difficult for them,” International Crisis Group researcher Ibrahim Yahaya said.

From their camps in the bush, they use intimidation tactics such as abduction and killings to menace villagers and organize attacks on towns, Yahaya said.

The JNIM has a wide presence in Mali, Niger and Burkina and is increasingly extending its influence toward the northern parts of the Gulf of Guinea countries.

“The group plans to make new areas of instability on the borders of Burkina Faso with Benin and Togo,” Seidik Abba, head of the International Center of Reflection and Studies on the Sahel, said.

The ISSP is concentrated in the border area encompassing Mali, Burkina and Niger. The group “struggles to expand” because of the JNIM which is “militarily stronger” and has more local support, Liam Karr, analyst at the American Enterprise Institute, said.

Their ambitions differ. The ISSP follows the hard line of the Daesh group, using indiscriminate violence against civilians and soldiers with the aim of establishing an Islamic caliphate in the Sahel under Shariah law.

The JNIM also carries out deadly attacks but seeks local footholds by presenting itself as the defender of marginalized communities.

“In the JNIM narrative, there is the reference to the Islamic ideology, but linked to forms of local demands,” said Bakary Sambe, director of the Timbuktu Institute in Dakar. “While Daesh has remained in a form of global jihad that is failing to take root in local communities,” he added.

Daesh frequently broadcasts videos showing violence committed by security forces and their allies in order to legitimize its discourse, a UN Security Council report said this month.

There is often violent rivalry between the groups.

The militant groups exploit social and ethnic tensions to enlist fighters.

The JNIM, initially composed of Fulani, a community of mainly semi-nomadic herders, and of ethnic Tuaregs, has widened its base to include other communities, in particular ethnic Bambaras.

Exact figures are difficult to estimate, but according to a UN report in July last year, the JNIM has 5,000-6,000 fighters and the ISSP 2,000-3,000.

Their weaponry comes largely from the armies of the region and was pillaged during attacks, or from arms trafficking from Libya.

Financing ranges from kidnappings, especially of Westerners, to the theft and resale of cattle and forcing locals to pay the “zakat,” an annual tax in charity.

The militant groups use ambush, abduction, long-range shelling, improvised explosive devices and recently started using drones to drop explosives.

Civilians suspected of collaboration with the army are kidnapped or killed.

Militants also impose embargoes, burn harvests and abduct community leaders to force villagers into submission.

The response of the region’s armies has proven limited as the groups are constantly on the move and feed on local grievances.

Mali, Burkina and Niger have formed the Alliance of Sahel States confederation and said they will soon set up a 5,000-strong anti-militant force.

“At a time when the Sahelian armies are killing 3,000 militants, 12,000 others are being recruited,” Abba, head of the International Center of Reflection and Studies on the Sahel, said.

“So, if we do not solve the problem of youth unemployment in these countries, they will remain at the mercy of militant groups,” he added.


Pope Francis shows further improvement, no longer has kidney issue, Vatican says

Pope Francis shows further improvement, no longer has kidney issue, Vatican says
Updated 26 February 2025
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Pope Francis shows further improvement, no longer has kidney issue, Vatican says

Pope Francis shows further improvement, no longer has kidney issue, Vatican says
  • The pope is spending his 13th night at Rome’s Gemelli hospital
  • “The clinical condition of the Holy Father in the last 24 hours has shown a further, slight improvement,” the latest detailed health update read

VATICAN CITY: Pope Francis has shown a “further, slight improvement” in his medical condition, the Vatican said on Wednesday, in a sign of progress as the 88-year-old pontiff battles double pneumonia.
The pope is spending his 13th night at Rome’s Gemelli hospital, the longest hospital stay of his nearly 12-year-old papacy.
“The clinical condition of the Holy Father in the last 24 hours has shown a further, slight improvement,” the latest detailed health update read.
The pope, it said, is continuing to receive oxygen but has not experienced any further respiratory crises. A CT scan of his chest, performed on Tuesday, “showed a normal evolution” of the inflammation in his lungs, it added.
Over the weekend, the Vatican said the pontiff had shown a “mild kidney insufficiency,” raising fears he might be about to suffer kidney failure. On Wednesday, it said the issue had been “resolved.”
The statement did not specify whether the pope was still considered to be in critical condition, as he has been listed since Saturday. Despite the pope’s improvements, it said his prognosis was still “guarded.”
A Vatican official, who did not wish to be named because he was not authorized to discuss the pope’s condition, said earlier on Wednesday that Francis was alert through the day and was able to eat normally and move about his hospital room.

ARGENTINIANS IN ROME PRAY FOR POPE
Francis, who has been pope since 2013, is originally from Argentina and is the first Catholic pontiff from the Americas. On Tuesday evening, many in Rome’s Argentinian community gathered at the Our Lady of Sorrows Church to pray for him.
“We pray for his health, that he can continue to govern the Church,” said Reverend Mario Aler, who referred to the ongoing 2025 Catholic Holy Year.
“(Francis) should continue to accompany this important event for the whole Church,” he said.
Paraguay’s ambassador to the Vatican, Romina Taboada Tonina, who was attending the service, called the pope “a great leader, without a doubt.”
“Not only for Catholics, but he is a great political leader as well,” she said.
At the Vatican on Tuesday evening, for the second day running, hundreds gathered in St. Peter’s Square for a prayer vigil attended by pilgrims and senior Church figures. The service is being repeated daily this week.
Double pneumonia is a serious infection of both lungs that can inflame and scar them, making it difficult to breathe. The Vatican has said the pope’s infection is “complex,” and caused by two or more microorganisms.
Francis has suffered several bouts of ill health over the past two years. He is prone to lung infections because he developed pleurisy as a young adult and had part of one lung removed.
Francis has been working occasionally from the hospital as Vatican business
continues apace during his illness. The Vatican announced several new appointments on Wednesday that would have needed the pope’s approval.


Anger as German conservatives question NGO funding

Anger as German conservatives question NGO funding
Updated 26 February 2025
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Anger as German conservatives question NGO funding

Anger as German conservatives question NGO funding
  • The hundreds of questions demanded more clarity on the funding of campaign groups such as “Grannies Against the Right,” Greenpeace and other organizations
  • The questions were grouped under the heading “political neutrality of state-funded organizations“

BERLIN: Left-wing parties in the German parliament reacted with consternation on Wednesday after the conservatives, fresh from their election win, demanded more scrutiny of a list of government-funded projects.
The CDU/CSU alliance of Friedrich Merz, which won Sunday’s election with 28.5 percent of the vote, submitted a set of written questions to the outgoing government of Chancellor Olaf Scholz on Monday.
The hundreds of questions demanded more clarity on the funding of campaign groups such as Omas Gegen Rechts (“Grannies Against the Right“), Greenpeace and other environmental organizations, and a wide range of other NGOs.
The questions were grouped under the heading “political neutrality of state-funded organizations.”
The party said it had tabled them in response to recent “protests against the CDU in Germany, some of which were organized or supported by non-profit or state-funded organizations.”
Thousands of people took part in demonstrations after the CDU in January controversially accepted the support of the far-right AfD to push through a parliamentary vote on migration.
Lars Klingbeil of Scholz’s Social Democrats (SPD) on Wednesday accused the CDU/CSU of targeting “precisely those organizations that protect our democracy, which it is denigrating and calling into question.”
Following the election on Sunday, Merz has reached out to the center-left SPD with hopes of forming a coalition.
But Klingbeil, newly elected as head of the SPD parliamentary group, accused the conservatives of “foul play” and urged them to “quickly reflect” on whether they wanted to pursue the questions.
Other parties have also reacted angrily to the move, with the far-left Die Linke calling it “an unprecedented attack on democratic civil society.”
“This is reminiscent of authoritarian states and, given that the CDU/CSU will in all likelihood lead the next federal government, is extremely worrying,” Die Linke’s Clara Buenger said.
Sergey Lagodinsky, a member of the European Parliament for the Greens, said it was a “very bad omen for the next four years” and “almost Trump-like.”
US President Donald Trump has enlisted tech billionaire Elon Musk to lead federal cost-cutting efforts under the so-called Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE).
Musk has spearheaded program and personnel cuts across a wide range of federal agencies and departments, including the US Agency for International Development (USAID).
Matthias Middelberg, a spokesman for the CDU, said public funding “must not be used for party political purposes.”
No organization should be “eligible for support if it is used to influence political decision-making and public opinion in line with the organization’s own views,” he said.


Romania prosecutors question far-right politician after annulled vote

Romania prosecutors question far-right politician after annulled vote
Updated 26 February 2025
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Romania prosecutors question far-right politician after annulled vote

Romania prosecutors question far-right politician after annulled vote
  • The country’s constitutional court in December annulled the elections following allegations of Russian interference
  • Georgescu has denied any wrongdoing and called the annulment a “formalized coup d’etat“

BUCHAREST: Romanian prosecutors were questioning Wednesday far-right politician Calin Georgescu, who topped the first round of last year’s presidential elections but later saw the results annulled in a shock move that has shaken the country.
The country’s constitutional court in December annulled the elections following allegations of Russian interference and claims of “massive” social media promotion of Georgescu, who shot to prominence virtually overnight.
Georgescu has denied any wrongdoing and called the annulment a “formalized coup d’etat.”
Television footage showed Georgescu entering the general prosecutor’s office flanked by police.
A judicial source told AFP he would be questioned, but declined to comment further.
Earlier Wednesday, authorities searched dozens of premises around the country, according to a statement by the prosecutor’s office.
Prosecutors said the raids were part of a probe into alleged offenses including “establishing an organization with a fascist, racist or xenophobic character” and “false statements regarding the sources of financing of the electoral campaign,” they said.
The statement did not mention Georgescu by name.
“I, on behalf of my voters, but also of those who, although they have other political options, want a democratic and free Romania — am fighting this security system that wants us in slavery,” Georgescu posted on Facebook.
His team said Georgescu was stopped by police in traffic and told to come in for questioning.
Outside the prosecutor’s office, supporters of Georgescu gathered, some with flags and chanting “traitors” and “liberty.”
The decision by the EU and NATO member to annul the vote — rare in the European Union — plunged the eastern European country into crisis, with tens of thousands protesting it.
A new first round of presidential elections will take place on May 4, with a second on May 18 if no first-round candidate wins more than 50 percent of the vote.


Ukraine set to sign minerals deal, Trump confirms Zelensky visit

Ukraine’s President Volodymyr Zelensky gives a press conference in Kyiv on Feb. 26, 2025. (AFP)
Ukraine’s President Volodymyr Zelensky gives a press conference in Kyiv on Feb. 26, 2025. (AFP)
Updated 26 February 2025
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Ukraine set to sign minerals deal, Trump confirms Zelensky visit

Ukraine’s President Volodymyr Zelensky gives a press conference in Kyiv on Feb. 26, 2025. (AFP)
  • Trump confirmed Zelensky would visit Washington on Friday but suggested Washington would not be making far-reaching security guarantees
  • Zelensky said most important thing was current draft did not cast Ukraine as debtor that would have to pay back hundreds of billions of dollars for past military assistance

KYIV: Ukraine said on Wednesday it was set to approve a framework minerals deal with the United States but that its success would depend on talks with President Donald Trump.
The deal, under which Kyiv would hand some revenue from its mineral resources to a fund jointly controlled by the US, is central to Ukrainian attempts to win strong support from Trump as he seeks a quick end to Russia’s war, with US-Russian talks that have so far excluded Kyiv set to continue on Thursday.
Trump confirmed Zelensky would visit Washington on Friday but suggested Washington would not be making far-reaching security guarantees. Kyiv has been seeking US security guarantees as part of the deal, cast by Trump as a payment for US aid to Kyiv during the war.
“I’m not going to make security guarantees beyond — very much. We’re going to have Europe do that,” Trump said.
Zelensky said the most important thing was the current draft did not cast Ukraine as a debtor that would have to pay back hundreds of billions of dollars for past military assistance.
“This agreement could be part of future security guarantees... an agreement is an agreement, but we need to understand the broader vision,” he said in Kyiv.
“This deal could be a great success or it could pass quietly. And the big success depends on our conversation with President Trump.”
He said it would be a success if the US becomes a provider of security guarantees for Ukraine, which wants protection from future Russian attacks if a peace deal is reached.
Fighting has continued in Ukraine during the flurry of diplomacy, with Ukraine frequently coming under attack from Russian missiles and drones in Europe’s deadliest conflict since World War Two.
Questions over Washington trip 
Trump said on Tuesday that Zelensky wanted to come to Washington on Friday to sign a “very big deal.”
Zelensky said both sides were still working on organizing the visit and a White House official on Wednesday raised doubts about whether the visit would go ahead, but Trump later said again that Zelensky would visit on Friday.
Trump has been fiercely critical of Zelensky as he upended US policy on the war, calling him a “dictator” and ending a campaign to isolate Russia, which invaded Ukraine in 2022.
Trump spoke to Russian President Vladimir Putin on February 12 and a Russian-US meeting took place in Saudi Arabia on February 18.
Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov said Russian and US diplomats would meet in Istanbul on Thursday to discuss resolving bilateral disputes that are part of a wider dialogue the sides see as crucial to ending the Ukraine war.
Lavrov again ruled out “any options” for European peacekeepers being sent to Ukraine although Trump has said some form of peacekeeping troops are needed in Ukraine if an agreement to end the conflict is struck.
“Nobody has asked us about this,” Lavrov said during a visit to Qatar.
‘Preliminary agreement’
Ukrainian Prime Minister Denys Shmyhal said Washington would commit to supporting Kyiv’s efforts to obtain security guarantees under the finalized deal, though the Americans offered no security pledges of their own.
Shmyhal said Ukraine’s government would authorize the agreed wording later on Wednesday so that it could be signed. He described it as a “preliminary” agreement.
“After the Ukrainian president and the US president agree on security guarantees, agree on how we tie this preliminary agreement to security guarantees from the United States for our country, in the presence of (both) presidents, a representative of the Ukrainian government will sign this preliminary agreement,” he said.
In a comment aimed at calming the fears of worried Ukrainians, Shmyhal said Ukraine would never “sign or consider ... a colonial treaty that did not take into account the interests of the state.”
A copy of a draft agreement, seen by Reuters and dated February 25, said: “The Government of the United States of America supports Ukraine’s efforts to obtain security guarantees needed to establish lasting peace.”
Shmyhal, outlining the agreement in televised comments, said Kyiv would contribute 50 percent of “all proceeds received from the future monetization of all relevant state-owned natural resource assets and relevant infrastructure.”
Those proceeds would go into a fund under the joint control of the United States and Ukraine, he said, adding that no decision about the governance of the fund could be taken without Kyiv’s agreement.
“Already existing deposits, facilities, licenses and rents are not subject to discussion when creating this fund,” he added.